Kisah Para Rasul 22:30

Paul Before the Sanhedrin

22:30 The next day, because the commanding officer ¹  wanted to know the true reason ²  Paul ³  was being accused by the Jews, he released him and ordered the chief priests and the whole council ⁴  to assemble. He then brought ⁵  Paul down and had him stand before them.

Kisah Para Rasul 23:28-29

23:28 Since I wanted to know ⁶  what charge they were accusing him of, ⁷  I brought him down to their council. ⁸  23:29 I found he ⁹  was accused with reference to controversial questions ¹⁰  about their law, but no charge against him deserved death or imprisonment. ¹¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 24:22

24:22 Then Felix, ¹²  who understood the facts ¹³  concerning the Way ¹⁴  more accurately, ¹⁵  adjourned their hearing, ¹⁶  saying, “When Lysias the commanding officer comes down, I will decide your case.” ¹⁷ 

Kisah Para Rasul 25:20

25:20 Because I was at a loss ¹⁸  how I could investigate these matters, ¹⁹  I asked if he were willing to go to Jerusalem and be tried ²⁰  there on these charges. ²¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 25:26-27

25:26 But I have nothing definite ²²  to write to my lord ²³  about him. ²⁴  Therefore I have brought him before you all, and especially before you, King Agrippa, ²⁵  so that after this preliminary hearing ²⁶  I may have something to write. 25:27 For it seems unreasonable to me to send a prisoner without clearly indicating ²⁷  the charges against him.”

[22:30]  ¹ tn Grk “he”; the referent (the commanding officer) has been supplied here in the translation for clarity.

[22:30]  ² tn Grk “the certainty, why.” BDAG 147 s.v. ἀσφαλής 2 has “τὸ ἀ. the certainty = the truth (in ref. to ferreting out the facts…ἵνα τὸ ἀ. ἐπιγνῶ) γνῶναι 21:34; 22:30.”

[22:30]  ³ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:30]  ⁴ tn Grk “the whole Sanhedrin” (the Sanhedrin was the highest legal, legislative, and judicial body among the Jews).

[22:30]  ⁵ tn Grk “and bringing.” The participle καταγαγών (katagagwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to clarify the logical sequence.

[23:28]  ⁶ tn Or “determine.”

[23:28]  ⁷ tn Grk “to know the charge on account of which they were accusing him.” This has been simplified to eliminate the prepositional phrase and relative pronoun δι᾿ ἣν (di’ }hn) similar to L&N 27.8 which has “‘I wanted to find out what they were accusing him of, so I took him down to their Council’ Ac 23:28.”

[23:28]  ⁸ tn Grk “their Sanhedrin” (the Sanhedrin was the highest legal, legislative, and judicial body among the Jews).

[23:29]  ⁹ tn Grk “whom I found.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) has been changed to a personal pronoun (“he”) and a new sentence begun in the translation at this point.

[23:29]  ¹⁰ tn BDAG 428 s.v. ζήτημα states, “in our lit. only in Ac, w. the mng. it still has in Mod. Gk. (controversial) question, issue, argument…Ac 15:2; 26:3. ζ. περί τινος questions about someth.…18:15; 25:19. – In 23:29, since περί had already been used, the subj. of the discussion is added in the gen. ζ. τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν.”

[23:29]  sn With reference to controversial questions. Note how the “neutral” Roman authorities saw the issue. This was a religious rather than a civil dispute. See Acts 18:15.

[23:29]  ¹¹ tn Grk “but having no charge worthy of death or imprisonment.” BDAG 273-74 s.v. ἔγκλημα 1 has “legal t.t.…ἔ. ἄξιον θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν a charge deserving death or imprisonment 23:29.”

[23:29]  sn Despite the official assessment that no charge against him deserved death or imprisonment, there was no effort to release Paul.

[24:22]  ¹² sn See the note on Antonius Felix in 23:24.

[24:22]  ¹³ tn Grk “the things.”

[24:22]  ¹⁴ tn That is, concerning Christianity.

[24:22]  ¹⁵ tn BDAG 39 s.v. ἀκριβῶς has “Comp. ἀκριβέστερον more exactly…ἀ. ἐκτίθεσθαι explain more exactly Ac 18:26, cp. 23:15, 20; also more accurately…24:22.” Felix knew more about the Christian movement than what the Jewish leaders had told him.

[24:22]  ¹⁶ tn L&N 56.18 s.v. ἀναβάλλω has “to adjourn a court proceeding until a later time – ‘to adjourn a hearing, to stop a hearing and put it off until later.’…‘then Felix, who was well informed about the Way, adjourned their hearing’ Ac 24:22.”

[24:22]  ¹⁷ tn BDAG 227 s.v. διαγινώσκω 2 states, “to make a judicial decision, decide/hear (a case)…τὰ καθ᾿ ὑμᾶς decide your case Ac 24:22.”

[25:20]  ¹⁸ tn Or “Because I was undecided.” Grk “Being at a loss.” The participle ἀπορούμενος (aporoumeno") has been translated as a causal adverbial participle.

[25:20]  ¹⁹ tn L&N 27.34 states, “ἀπορούμενος δὲ ἐγὼ τὴν περὶ τούτων ζήτησιν ‘I was undecided about how I could get information on these matters’ Ac 25:20. The clause ‘about how I could get information on these matters’ may also be rendered as ‘about how I should try to find out about these matters’ or ‘about how I could learn about these matters.’”

[25:20]  ²⁰ tn Or “stand trial.”

[25:20]  ²¹ tn Grk “on these things.”

[25:26]  ²² sn There is irony here. How can Festus write anything definite about Paul, if he is guilty of nothing.

[25:26]  ²³ sn To my lord means “to His Majesty the Emperor.”

[25:26]  ²⁴ tn Grk “about whom I have nothing definite…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) was replaced with a personal pronoun (“him”) and a new sentence begun in the translation at the beginning of v. 26.

[25:26]  ²⁵ sn See the note on King Agrippa in 25:13.

[25:26]  ²⁶ tn Or “investigation.” BDAG 66 s.v. ἀνάκρισις has “a judicial hearing, investigation, hearing, esp. preliminary hearing…τῆς ἀ. γενομένης Ac 25:26.” This is technical legal language.

[25:27]  ²⁷ tn L&N 33.153 s.v. σημαίνω, “to cause something to be both specific and clear – ‘to indicate clearly, to make clear’… ‘for it seems unreasonable to me to send a prisoner without clearly indicating the charges against him’ Ac 25:27.”

[25:27]  sn Without clearly indicating the charges against him. Again the point is made by Festus himself that there is difficulty even in articulating a charge against Paul.